Early memories of positive emotions and its relationships to attachment styles, self-compassion and psychopathology in adolescence
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Data
2014-04-06
Autores
Cunha, Marina
Martinho, Maria Inês
Xavier, Ana Maria
Espirito-Santo, Helena
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European Psychiatric Association
Resumo
Introduction: Literature has shown that early childhood experiences, especially those related to feelings of threat or safeness play a key role in emotional and social subsequent development.
Objectives:
(1) examine the impact of early memories of warmth and safeness on quality of attachment in adolescents;
(2) Explore the relationship between early positive memories, self-compassion and psychopathology (depressive, anxiety and stress symptoms);
(3) Explore the relative contribution of emotional memories and self-compassion in the prediction of depressive and anxiety symptoms.
Methods: 651 adolescents (330 boys, 50.7%) aged between 12 and 18 years (M = 15.89, SD = 1.99), completed the early memories of warmth and safeness scale (EMWSS), self-compassion scale (SCS), attachment questionnaire (AQ-C) and anxiety, depression and stress scales (DASS-21).
Results: Memories of warmth and safeness showed negative moderate correlations with anxiety and depressive symptoms, and positive moderate association with self-compassion. Additionally, positive emotional memories in childhood revealed adequate discriminant validity for attachment style. Adolescents classified with a secure attachment style showed significantly more early memories of warmth and safeness than those teenagers with insecure attachment (ambivalent or avoidance). Early positive memories and self-compassion have a significant and an independent contribution on the prediction of anxiety and depressive symptoms in adolescent community.
Conclusions: The present study shows that the recall of emotional memories in childhood (e.g., feelings of warmth and safeness) is associated with self-compassion, as an emotion regulation process. So, these two variables may function as protective factors in the development of depressive and anxiety symptoms in adolescence.
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Palavras-chave
Psychopathology, Self Compassion, Attachment Theory, Early Memories, Early Memories, Metaphor
Citação
Cunha, M., Martinho, M. I., Xavier, A. M. e Espirito-Santo, H. (2013). Early memories of positive emotions and its relationships to attachment styles, self-compassion and psychopathology in adolescence. European Psychiatry, 28(Supl. 1), 1. doi:10.1016/S0924-9338(13)76444-7