Experiências Dissociativas e Traumáticas em Doentes com Perturbações do Comportamento Alimentar
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Data
2009
Autores
Gonçalves, Liliane Pinto
Título da revista
ISSN da revista
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Editora
ISMT
Resumo
Contexto: Várias investigações mostraram que as experiências dissociativas e as
experiências traumáticas se relacionam com as perturbações do comportamento alimentar.
Objectivo: A presente investigação tem como objectivo investigar as experiências
dissociativas e traumáticas em doentes com perturbação do comportamento alimentar.
Quisemos saber se as experiências dissociativas e traumáticas são comuns em doentes com
patologia alimentar, verificar se há associação entre o trauma e a dissociação nestas doentes
e, também quais são os factores que predizem a dissociação.
Método: Utilizámos a Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (versão portuguesa
5.0.0), como meio de diagnóstico das perturbações do comportamento alimentar; utilizámos
também a Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), a Adolescent Dissociative Scale (A‐DES), o
Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire (SDQ‐20) e a Traumatic Events Checklist (TEC). Para
avaliar os sintomas psicopatológicos e a depressão, administrámos, respectivamente, o Brief
Symptom Inventory (BSI) e o Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). A nossa amostra é constituída
por mulheres com perturbações alimentares (N = 38), incluindo mulheres com anorexia
nervosa (n = 20) e com bulimia nervosa (n = 18). A média total de idade da nossa amostra é
de 23,92.
Resultados: Há diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as subamostras na
dissociação psicoforme (p = 0,02) e na dissociação somatoforme (p = 0,00). No total de
presenças traumáticas, há diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre as duas
subamostras. O trauma e os sintomas psicopatológicos correlacionam‐se com a dissociação
psicoforme e somatoforme. Nesta correlação destacamos especificamente o trauma ocorrido
até aos 6 anos e o que ocorre na família de origem. Os sintomas de fobia e o ter uma relação
são preditores de dissociação psicoforme; e os sintomas de ansiedade são preditores da
dissociação somatoforme.
Conclusão: Os nossos resultados devem ser vistos a título de ensaio e como preliminares.
A serem confirmados no futuro, as implicações terapêuticas são importantes. Na intervenção
terapêutica com doentes com perturbação alimentar, a avaliação da dissociação e do
trauma devia fazer parte da anamnese de rotina. /
Background: Several investigations showed that dissociative and the traumatic experiences are related with eating disorders. Objective: This research aims to investigate the dissociative experiences and trauma in patients with eating disorder. We wanted to know whether the dissociative and trauma experiences are common in patients with eating disorders, to verify is there is an association between trauma and dissociation in this patients and what are the factors that predict dissociation. Method: We used the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (Portuguese version 5.0.0), for the diagnostic of eating disorders, we also used the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), the Adolescent Dissociative Scale (A‐DES), Somatoform Dissociation Scale (SDQ‐20) and the Traumatic Events Checklist (TEC). To evaluate the psychopathological symptoms and depression we administered, respectively, the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Our sample consists of women with eating disorders (N = 38), including women with anorexia nervosa (n = 20), and bulimia nervosa (n = 18). The total average age of our sample is 23.92. Results: There are significant differences between the subsamples in psychoform dissociation (p = 0.02) and somatoform dissociation (p = 0.00). In total trauma score there are significant differences between the two subsamples. The trauma and psychopathological symptoms are correlated with psychoform and somatoform dissociation. In this correlations, we highlight the trauma occurred in the first 6 years and trauma with relationship to perpetrador. The symptoms of phobia and being involved in a relationship are predictors of psychoform dissociation. Symptoms of anxiety are predictors of somatoform dissociation. Conclusions: If our results are replicated in the future, therapeutic implications are important. In therapeutic intervention with eating disorders patients, the assessment of dissociation and trauma should be part of routine medical history.
Background: Several investigations showed that dissociative and the traumatic experiences are related with eating disorders. Objective: This research aims to investigate the dissociative experiences and trauma in patients with eating disorder. We wanted to know whether the dissociative and trauma experiences are common in patients with eating disorders, to verify is there is an association between trauma and dissociation in this patients and what are the factors that predict dissociation. Method: We used the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (Portuguese version 5.0.0), for the diagnostic of eating disorders, we also used the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), the Adolescent Dissociative Scale (A‐DES), Somatoform Dissociation Scale (SDQ‐20) and the Traumatic Events Checklist (TEC). To evaluate the psychopathological symptoms and depression we administered, respectively, the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Our sample consists of women with eating disorders (N = 38), including women with anorexia nervosa (n = 20), and bulimia nervosa (n = 18). The total average age of our sample is 23.92. Results: There are significant differences between the subsamples in psychoform dissociation (p = 0.02) and somatoform dissociation (p = 0.00). In total trauma score there are significant differences between the two subsamples. The trauma and psychopathological symptoms are correlated with psychoform and somatoform dissociation. In this correlations, we highlight the trauma occurred in the first 6 years and trauma with relationship to perpetrador. The symptoms of phobia and being involved in a relationship are predictors of psychoform dissociation. Symptoms of anxiety are predictors of somatoform dissociation. Conclusions: If our results are replicated in the future, therapeutic implications are important. In therapeutic intervention with eating disorders patients, the assessment of dissociation and trauma should be part of routine medical history.
Descrição
Palavras-chave
Dissociação psicoforme - Psychoform dissociation, Dissociação somatoforme - Somatoform dissociation, Experiências traumáticas - Traumatic experiences, Anorexia - Anorexia, Bulimia - Bulimia