Percorrer por autor "Grasina, Alexandra"
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- ItemAlexithymia and Aggressiveness in Old Age: Mediation by Impulsivity and Emotion Dysregulation(UCOPress, 2022) Espirito-Santo, Helena; Daniel, Fernanda; Lemos, Laura; Simões-Cunha, Luís; Grasina, AlexandraAbstract - Aggressiveness is prevalent in old age, and to adapt treatments and diminish the accompanying damage to the self and others, it is important to understand aggressiveness predictors. Poor emotional awareness, impulsivity, and emotion dysregulation are potential mechanisms influencing aggressiveness. The present study examines whether alexithymia, emotion dysregulation, and impulsivity influence aggressiveness in older adults; and whether the effect of alexithymia is conditioned by emotional dysregulation and impulsivity after controlling for probable confounders. The sample consisted of 326 Portuguese older adults (63.2 % female) aged 60–96 years from residential and community care homes. Participants completed report instruments measuring alexithymia, emotional dysregulation, impulsivity, and aggressiveness. Results of the mediation analysis showed that older adults who had more alexithymia tended to report higher levels of emotional dysregulation and impulsivity, which in turn accounted for higher reported aggressiveness. All these effects were independent of cognitive functioning and depressive symptoms. This study suggests the relevance of evaluating and intervening on alexithymia, impulsivity, and emotion dysregulation to reducing aggressiveness in older people. / Resumen - La agresividad es frecuente en la vejez, y para adaptar los tratamientos y reducir los daños que la acompañan, tanto para sí mismo/a como para los demás, es importante entender los predictores de la agresividad. La pobre conciencia emocional, la impulsividad y la desregulación emocional son posibles mecanismos que influyen en la agresividad. El presente estudio examina si la alexitimia, la desregulación emocional y la impulsividad influyen en la agresividad de los adultos mayores; y si el efecto de la alexitimia está condicionado por la desregulación emocional y la impulsividad después de controlar los probables factores de confusión. La muestra consistió en 326 adultos mayores portugueses (63,2 % mujeres) con edades comprendidas entre los 60 y 96 años procedentes de residencias geriátricas y de la comunidad. Los participantes completaron instrumentos de informe que medían la alexitimia, la desregulación emocional, la impulsividad y la agresividad. Los resultados del análisis de mediación mostraron que los adultos mayores que tenían más alexitimia tendían a reportar niveles más altos de desregulación emocional e impulsividad, lo que por a su vez explicaba un mayor reporte de agresividad. Todos estos efectos fueron independientes del funcionamiento cognitivo y de los síntomas depresivos. Este estudio sugiere la relevancia de evaluar e intervenir sobre la alexitimia, la impulsividad y la desregulación emocional para reducir la agresividad en personas mayores.
- ItemDo impulsivity and alexithymia predict aggressiveness in institutionalized older adults?(ISPA - Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 2022) Espirito-Santo, Helena; Ferreira, Luís André Abreu Paraíso; Vicente, Henrique; Cunha, Marina; Grasina, Alexandra; Daniel, Fernanda; Lemos, LauraResumo: Introdução: A alexitimia e a impulsividade estão relacionadas e predizem a agressividade em adultos mais novos, especialmente em contextos forenses. No entanto, pouco se sabe sobre esta relação em adultos mais velhos, especialmente em contextos de institucionalização geriátrica, onde a agressividade apresenta uma prevalência alta. Assim, o nosso objetivo foi analisar o impacto da impulsividade e alexitimia na agressividade de pessoas idosas institucionalizadas, depois de examinarmos as relações entre essas variáveis. Variáveis relevantes foram controladas nestas relações. Métodos: Noventa e sete participantes institucionalizados (60–94 anos; 70,1% mulheres; 59,8% residentes em estruturas residenciais para idosos) foram avaliados com o Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire-SF, Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20 e Barratt’s Impulsiveness Scale-15. Resultados: O nível de agressividade autorreportado foi baixo na nossa amostra. A agressividade correlacionou-se e foi predita pela alexitimia (R2=17.6%; β=0.24, p<.05) e pela impulsividade (R2=17.6%; β=0.34, p<.01). Conclusão: Apesar dos baixos níveis de agressividade (potencialmente explicados pelos níveis de medicação, mais supervisão e mais fragilidade), os nossos resultados com pessoas idosas institucionalizadas demonstram a relevância da alexitimia e da impulsividade para a compreensão da agressividade em adultos mais velhos, juntando-se a estudos anteriores com outros tipos de populações. Nessa linha, fornecemos orientações para estratégias psicoterapêuticas. / Introduction: Alexithymia and impulsivity are related and predict aggressiveness in younger adults, especially in forensic contexts. However, little is known about this relationship in older adults, especially in geriatric institutionalized settings, where aggressiveness presents a high prevalence. Thus, we aimed to analyze the impact of impulsivity and alexithymia in institutionalized older adults’ aggressiveness after examining the relationships between these variables. Relevant variables were controlled for in these relations. Methods: Ninety-seven institutionalized participants (60–94 years, 70.1% women, 59.8% nursing homes’ residents) were assessed with the Buss-Perry Aggression Questionnaire-SF, Toronto Alexithymia Scale-20, and Barratt’s Impulsiveness Scale-15. Results: The self-reported level of aggressiveness was low in our sample. Aggressiveness correlated with and was predicted by alexithymia (R2=17.6%; β=0.24, p<.05) and impulsiveness (R2=17.6%; β=0.34, p<.01). Conclusion: Despite the low levels of aggressiveness (potentially explained by levels of medication, more supervision, and more frailty), our findings with institutionalized older adults demonstrate the relevance of alexithymia and impulsiveness for understanding aggressiveness in older adults, adding to previous studies with other types of populations. We provide directions for psychotherapeutic strategies.
- ItemDoes emotional dysregulation mediate the relationship between disability and depressive symptoms in older people?(Elsevier Espana, 2022) Espirito-Santo, Helena; Costa-Santos, Hugo; Simões-Cunha, Luís; Lemos, Laura; Grasina, Alexandra; Daniel, FernandaAbstract - Background: Emotion dysregulation has been consistently linked to psychopathology, and the relationship between disability and depressive symptomatology in old age is well-known. Objective: To examine the mediational role of emotional dysregulation in the relationship between perceived disability and depressive symptomatology in older adults. Methods: Two hundred eighty-three participants, aged 60–96 years (M ± SD = 74.22 ± 8.69; 62.9% women; 29.0% with long-term care support [LTC-S] and 71.0% community residents without LTC-S), were assessed with the Geriatric Depression Scale-8 (GDS-8), the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule-2 (WHODAS-2), and the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-16 (DERS-16). Results: A mediation model was established, which revealed: (1) a moderate association between WHODAS-2 and GDS-8 (ˇ = 0.20; p < .001); (2) DERS-16 partially and weakly mediated the relationship between WHODAS-2 and GDS-8 (ˇ = 0.003; p < .01). The model explained 31.9% of the variance of depressive symptoms. An inconsistent mediation model was obtained in the LTC-S group. Conclusions: Globally, our findings indicate that disability has an indirect relationship with depressive symptomatology through emotional dysregulation (except for those in the LTC-S). Accordingly, we present suggestions for the treatment of depressive symptoms and for the inclusion of other emotion regulation variables in the study of the disability-depressive symptom link in future studies with older people in the LTC-S. / Resumen - Antecedentes: La desregulación de las emociones se ha relacionado sistemáticamente con la psicopatología, y es bien conocida la relación entre la discapacidad y la sintomatología depresiva en la edad avanzada. Objetivo: Examinar el papel mediador de la desregulación emocional en la relación entre la discapacidad percibida y la sintomatología depresiva en los adultos mayores. Materiales y métodos: Doscientos ochenta y tres participantes, entre 60-96 anos de edad ˜ (M ± DE = 74,22 ± 8,69; 62,9% mujeres; 29% con apoyo de cuidados de larga duración [A-CLD] y 71% residentes en la comunidad sin A-CLD), fueron evaluados con la Geriatric Depression Scale-8 (GDS-8), el World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule-2 (WHODAS-2) y la Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale-16 (DERS-16). Resultados: Se estableció un modelo de mediación que reveló: (1) una asociación moderada entre el WHODAS-2 y el GDS-8 (! = 0,20; p < 0,001); (2) el DERS-16 medió parcial y ligeramente la relación entre el WHODAS-2 y el GDS-8 (! = 0,003; p < 0,01). El modelo explicó el 31,9% de la varianza de los síntomas depresivos. Se ha obtenido un modelo de mediación inconsistente en el grupo A-CLD. Conclusiones: Globalmente, nuestros hallazgos indican que la discapacidad tiene una relación indirecta con la sintomatología depresiva a través de la desregulación emocional. En consecuencia, presentamos sugerencias para el tratamiento de los síntomas depresivos y para la inclusión de otras variables de regulación de las emociones en el estudio del vínculo discapacidad-síntomas depresivos en futuros estudios con personas mayores en el A-CLD.
- ItemMini-Addenbrooke Cognitive Examination: validation study among older people in long-term care(Departamento de Investigação & Desenvolvimento do Instituto Superior Miguel Torga, 2023) Grasina, Alexandra; Espirito-Santo, Helena; Lemos, Laura; Vilar, Maria Manuela; Simões-Cunha, Luís; Daniel, FernandaEsta base de dados apresenta os resultados de um estudo que avaliou a fiabilidade e a validade da versão portuguesa do Mini-Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (M-ACE) como instrumento de avaliação do défice cognitivo sem demência em idosos residentes em instituições cuidadoras de longa permanência. O banco de dados inclui informações demográficas e pontuações de avaliação cognitiva que podem servir de referência para pesquisadores e profissionais de saúde que trabalham no campo da saúde cognitiva geriátrica. - Uma vez preenchidos, os formulários de candidatura deverão ser enviados para investig@ismt.pt, a fim de serem analisados. / This database presents the results of a study that evaluated the reliability and validity of the Portuguese version of the Mini-Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (M-ACE) as an instrument for assessing cognitive impairment without dementia (CIND) in older adults residing in long-term care (LTC). The database includes demographic information, and cognitive assessment scores that can serve as a reference for researchers and healthcare professionals working in the field of geriatric cognitive health. - Once completed, the application forms must be sent to investig@ismt.pt in order to be analyzed.
- ItemMini-Avaliação Cognitiva de Addenbrooke (versões de teste e reteste)(2023) Espírito-Santo, Helena; Grasina, Alexandra; Lemos, Laura; Vilar, Maria Manuela; Simões-Cunha, Luís; Daniel, FernandaDescrição: O M-ACE é um teste cognitivo de curta duração que avalia quatro domínios cognitivos: atenção/orientação, memória, fluência verbal e função visoespacial. O teste é composto por cinco itens, com uma pontuação máxima de 30 pontos. Propriedades psicométricas: Num estudo com utentes de Respostas Sociais em Portugal, o M-ACE demonstrou ser um instrumento fiável (ω de McDonald = .86, α de Cronbach = .85) e consistente ao longo do tempo (r = .72; ICC = .83) e entre avaliadores (κ = .92). O teste mostrou fortes correlações com medidas relacionadas, sustentando a sua validade de construto (r = .67). Além disso, o M-ACE foi eficaz em distinguir Défice cognitivo sem demência de cognição normal com um ponto de corte de 17 pontos (AUC = 0.81, Sensibilidade = 81.7%, Especificidade = 74.4%).
- ItemValidation of the Geriatric Sleep Questionnaire(Elsevier, 2021-10-26) Espirito-Santo, Helena; Dias-Azedo, Diana; Lemos, Laura; Grasina, Alexandra; Andrade, Diogo; Henriques, Sandra; Paraíso, Luís; Daniel, FernandaObjective: Assessing sleep in later life is essential for diagnosing and treating sleep problems and their consequences. We aimed to test a short questionnaire specifically designed to assess the subjective sleep quality in older people, the Geriatric Sleep Questionnaire (GSQ) Method: The GSQ was validated in a Portuguese sample of older people (N = 443; 65-100 years; M = 80.02; SD = 6.95). We analyzed reliability, factor validity, convergent validity with other theoretical similar constructs, discriminant validity with a theoretically divergent measure, and predictive power to detect sleep problems (ROC analysis). Results: A six-item version was obtained with good reliability (Cronbach's α = .79), and adequate convergent and divergent validity (p < .01). ROC analysis revealed a sensitivity of 80.0% and a specificity of 66.7% in detecting sleep problems with a cutoff point of 16 (AUC = .72). Older people in social care, low education, and living in rural areas reported worse sleep quality. Conclusion: The GSQ-6 is a brief instrument with good psychometric characteristics to assess the subjective sleep quality in older people. The GSQ-6 seems to be a valuable tool for future investigations on the relationship of sleep quality with mental health and well-being in older people.