Percorrer por autor "Paiva, Rui Pedro"

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    Classification and regression of music lyrics: Emotionally-significant features
    (8th International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Information Retrieval, 2016-01) Malheiro, Ricardo; Panda, Renato; Gomes, Paulo; Paiva, Rui Pedro
    This research addresses the role of lyrics in the music emotion recognition process. Our approach is based on several state of the art features complemented by novel stylistic, structural and semantic features. To evaluate our approach, we created a ground truth dataset containing 180 song lyrics, according to Russell’s emotion model. We conduct four types of experiments: regression and classification by quadrant, arousal and valence categories. Comparing to the state of the art features (ngrams - baseline), adding other features, including novel features, improved the F-measure from 68.2%, 79.6% and 84.2% to 77.1%, 86.3% and 89.2%, respectively for the three classification experiments. To study the relation between features and emotions (quadrants) we performed experiments to identify the best features that allow to describe and discriminate between arousal hemispheres and valence meridians. To further validate these experiments, we built a validation set comprising 771 lyrics extracted from the AllMusic platform, having achieved 73.6% F-measure in the classification by quadrants. Regarding regression, results show that, comparing to similar studies for audio, we achieve a similar performance for arousal and a much better performance for valence.
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    Emotionally-relevant features for classification and regression of music lyrics
    (IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON JOURNAL AFFECTIVE COMPUTING, MANUSCRIPT ID, 2016-08-08) Malheiro, Ricardo; Panda, Renato; Gomes, Paulo; Paiva, Rui Pedro
    This research addresses the role of lyrics in the music emotion recognition process. Our approach is based on several state of the art features complemented by novel stylistic, structural and semantic features. To evaluate our approach, we created a ground truth dataset containing 180 song lyrics, according to Russell’s emotion model. We conduct four types of experiments: regression and classification by quadrant, arousal and valence categories. Comparing to the state of the art features (ngrams - baseline), adding other features, including novel features, improved the F-measure from 69.9%, 82.7% and 85.6% to 80.1%, 88.3% and 90%, respectively for the three classification experiments. To study the relation between features and emotions (quadrants) we performed experiments to identify the best features that allow to describe and discriminate each quadrant. To further validate these experiments, we built a validation set comprising 771 lyrics extracted from the AllMusic platform, having achieved 73.6% F-measure in the classification by quadrants. We also conducted experiments to identify interpretable rules that show the relation between features and emotions and the relation among features. Regarding regression, results show that, comparing to similar studies for audio, we achieve a similar performance for arousal and a much better performance for valence.
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    Keyword-Based Approach for Lyrics Emotion Variation Detection
    (8th International Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Information Retrieval, 2016-01) Malheiro, Ricardo; Oliveira, Hugo Gonçalo; Gomes, Paulo; Paiva, Rui Pedro
    This research addresses the role of the lyrics in the context of music emotion variation detection. To accomplish this task we create a system to detect the predominant emotion expressed by each sentence (verse) of the lyrics. The system employs Russell’s emotion model and contains 4 sets of emotions associated to each quadrant. To detect the predominant emotion in each verse, we propose a novel keyword-based approach, which receives a sentence (verse) and classifies it in the appropriate quadrant. To tune the system parameters, we created a 129-sentence training dataset from 68 songs. To validate our system, we created a separate ground-truth containing 239 sentences (verses) from 44 songs annotated manually with an average of 7 annotations per sentence. The system attains 67.4% F-Measure score.
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    Music Emotion Recognition from Lyrics: a comparative study
    (6th International Workshop on Machine Learning and Music (MML13). Held in Conjunction with the European Conference on Machine Learning and Principles and Practice of Knowledge Discovery in Databases (ECMLPPKDD13), 2013-09) Malheiro, Ricardo; Panda, Renato; Gomes, Paulo; Paiva, Rui Pedro
    We present a study on music emotion recognition from lyrics. We start from a dataset of 764 samples (audio+lyrics) and perform feature extraction using several natural language processing techniques. Our goal is to build classifiers for the different datasets, comparing different algorithms and using feature selection. The best results (44.2% F-measure) were attained with SVMs. We also perform a bi-modal analysis that combines the best feature sets of audio and lyrics.The combination of the best audio and lyrics features achieved better results than the best feature set from audio only (63.9% F-Measure against 62.4% F-Measure).
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    A Prototype for Classification of Classical Music Using Neural Networks
    (Proceedings of the Eighth IASTED International Conference, 2004-09) Malheiro, Ricardo; Paiva, Rui Pedro; Mendes, A. J.; Mendes, T.; Cardoso, A.
    As a result of recent technological innovations, there has been a tremendous growth in the Electronic Music Distribution industry. In this way, tasks such us automatic music genre classification address new and exciting research challenges. Automatic music genre recognition involves issues like feature extraction and development of classifiers using the obtained features. As for feature extraction, we use features such as the number of zero crossings, loudness, spectral centroid, bandwidth and uniformity. These are statistically manipulated, making a total of 40 features. As for the task of genre modeling, we train a feedforward neural network (FFNN). A taxonomy of subgenres of classical music is used. We consider three classification problems: in the first one, we aim at discriminating between music for flute, piano and violin; in the second problem, we distinguish choral music from opera; finally, in the third one, we aim at discriminating between all five genres. Preliminary results are presented and discussed, which show that the presented methodology may be a good starting point for addressing more challenging tasks, such as using a broader range of musical categories.
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    Sistemas de classificação musical com redes neuronais
    (2004) Malheiro, Ricardo; Paiva, Rui Pedro; Mendes, António José; Mendes, Teresa; Cardoso, Amílcar
    Como resultado da evolução e inovação tecnológicas, a indústria da distribuição electrónica de música tem tido um enorme crescimento. Desta forma, tarefas como a classificação automática de géneros musicais tornam-se um forte motivo para o incremento da investigação na área. O reconhecimento automático de géneros musicais envolve tarefas como a extracção de características das músicas e o desenvolvimento de classificadores que utilizem essas características. Neste estudo pretendeu-se, através de 3 problemas de classificação independentes, classificar peças de música clássica. Foi construído um protótipo para um sistema real de classificação, onde de um conjunto de músicas não catalogadas, foram automaticamente extraídos dez segmentos de seis segundos cada. Cada segmento musical foi classificado individualmente utilizando redes neuronais, tendo sido, para tal, extraídas 40 características por segmento. Cada música foi